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--- efficiency_now:immediate_measures:technology:showerhead [2022/08/24 11:57] – [Protection with high-quality legionella filter] wfeist
+++ efficiency_now:immediate_measures:technology:showerhead [2022/08/24 11:58] (current) – [Protection with high-quality legionella filter] wfeist
@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
   - Showering with this is no different from the previously used shower head: the shower feels 'full', shampoo can be washed out of the hair in a short time, the entire duration of the shower remained unchanged (as always, I needed approximately 3 minutes; such times are very different for each individual, this information has only been provided for reference). \\
 Compared to frequently found shower heads with 12 l/min, water consumption can be reduced by around one half due to the lower flow rate((This applies for all the different required showering times provided that this time does not change with the other shower head; according to the available experience, this also shouldn't be the case.)). The energy saving for usable heat (that which is made available by the shower head) is thus also halved. However, because a quite large share of the energy demand for hot water consists of circulation and storage losses, the total energy consumption is reduced "only" in the range of 25 to 30 %.
-In single family houses a very high level of safety can be assumed due to the terminal filter((The manufacturer provides proof for a retention factor of 10<sup>7</sup>. Extreme values for contamination in DHW systems with high exposure were less than 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/(100ml). Even with such maximum values the terminal filter ensures a reduction to less than 1 CFU/(100 ml). For comparison: values around 30 CFU/(100 ml) already exist in average cold water installations.)): under these circumstances, the risk is reduced even further also with storage and circulation temperatures of 45° provided by heat pumps((We will add a basic information section about the risks and their assessment in due course, but here are some remarks on this already at this point:
+In single family houses a very high level of safety can be assumed due to the terminal filter((The manufacturer provides proof for a retention factor of 10<sup>7</sup>. Extreme values for contamination in DHW systems with high exposure were less than 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/(100ml). Even with such maximum values the terminal filter ensures a reduction to less than 1 CFU/(100 ml). For comparison: values around 30 CFU/(100 ml) already exist in average cold water installations.)): under these circumstances, the risk is reduced even further also with storage and circulation temperatures of 45° provided by heat pumps((We will add a general information section about 'risks and their assessment' in due course, but here are some remarks on this already at this point:
   - Much as we would desire it, it is definitely **not possible to achieve "zero risk"** in many areas of our daily lives: e.g. even collisions between inattentive pedestrians can lead to serious injuries in the worst case.
   - However, such "residual risks" are usually **extremely low.** For example, fatal accidents with bikes without the involvement of motor vehicles are less than 0.16 annually per 100.000 persons (133 persons in the year 2020 in Germany according to [destatis 2020]).