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construction:quality_assurance:measure_serial_renovation

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construction:quality_assurance:measure_serial_renovation [2024/10/24 16:03] – [4Experience with QA measures in specific projects] yaling.hsiao@passiv.deconstruction:quality_assurance:measure_serial_renovation [2024/10/30 10:43] (current) – [See also] yaling.hsiao@passiv.de
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 ====== Quality assurance measures during (serial) renovation ====== ====== Quality assurance measures during (serial) renovation ======
  
-=====  QA during planning phase =====+Auther: Tanja Schulz
  
-====  Position of the thermally insulated and airtight envelope ====+===== QA during planning phase ===== 
 + 
 +==== Position of the thermally insulated and airtight envelope ====
  
 The thermally insulated and airtight building envelope must be designed with as few gaps as possible. With regard to the position of the insulation layer, there are several options in old buildings, which must be evaluated differently with regard to thermal bridge effects. The thermally insulated and airtight building envelope must be designed with as few gaps as possible. With regard to the position of the insulation layer, there are several options in old buildings, which must be evaluated differently with regard to thermal bridge effects.
-  * Course of the insulation layer in the area of the cold cellar + 
 +  * Course of the insulation layer in the area of the cold cellar
   * Course of the insulation layer in the area of the upper building closure: top storey ceiling or roof   * Course of the insulation layer in the area of the upper building closure: top storey ceiling or roof
   * Dealing with the heated staircase in the area of the cold cellar and the unheated roof space   * Dealing with the heated staircase in the area of the cold cellar and the unheated roof space
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   * at the perimeter in combination with the basement ceiling   * at the perimeter in combination with the basement ceiling
-  * at verge and eaves, +  * at verge and eaves,
   * at the transition of the façade element ─ to the top storey ceiling. Only provide fire protection plates in the rear ventilation space of the outer skin. They must not pass through the insulation level.   * at the transition of the façade element ─ to the top storey ceiling. Only provide fire protection plates in the rear ventilation space of the outer skin. They must not pass through the insulation level.
  
 ==== Optimization of the façade elements ==== ==== Optimization of the façade elements ====
 +
   * Position of the supporting elements (timber frame) in the area of joints and transitions   * Position of the supporting elements (timber frame) in the area of joints and transitions
   * Optimization of the window installation (with and without external venetian blind box)   * Optimization of the window installation (with and without external venetian blind box)
-  * Position and construction of the anchors +  * Position and construction of the anchors
   * Minimization of the weight of the refurbishment modules (timber content, clinker brick slips instead of clinker brick facing shell) to minimize anchorages   * Minimization of the weight of the refurbishment modules (timber content, clinker brick slips instead of clinker brick facing shell) to minimize anchorages
   * The elements must be constructed in such a way that no gap remains between the existing wall and the element. This prevents convection in the gap and sound transmission.   * The elements must be constructed in such a way that no gap remains between the existing wall and the element. This prevents convection in the gap and sound transmission.
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   * Insulation and airtightness of external riser shafts (backpacker)   * Insulation and airtightness of external riser shafts (backpacker)
  
-==== Planning / optimization of the ventilation distribution air ducts in the apartments ==== +==== Planning / optimization of the ventilation distribution air ducts in the apartments ====
  
 Smaller ventilation units with heat recovery can be easily integrated into the façade elements (backpackers). This allows them to be arranged outside the apartment to save space. From there, only ventilation ducts need to be routed into the apartments. Nevertheless, detailed planning must be carried out in advance for this air distribution ducts: Smaller ventilation units with heat recovery can be easily integrated into the façade elements (backpackers). This allows them to be arranged outside the apartment to save space. From there, only ventilation ducts need to be routed into the apartments. Nevertheless, detailed planning must be carried out in advance for this air distribution ducts:
  
-  * The air distribution ducts must be planned in detail and, if necessary, in several variants for different apartment layouts so that the installation in the individual apartments can be carried out quickly and with as little inconvenience to the tenants as possible. +  * The air distribution ducts must be planned in detail and, if necessary, in several variants for different apartment layouts so that the installation in the individual apartments can be carried out quickly and with as little inconvenience to the tenants as possible.
   * It must be expected that tenants will have individual built-in furniture in their apartments, which must be taken into account when routing the air ducts. Tenants may be able to refuse the installation of ventilation. This can then only be done when the next tenant moves in. However, this is not detrimental to the concept because the ventilation units will simply not be in operation until then.   * It must be expected that tenants will have individual built-in furniture in their apartments, which must be taken into account when routing the air ducts. Tenants may be able to refuse the installation of ventilation. This can then only be done when the next tenant moves in. However, this is not detrimental to the concept because the ventilation units will simply not be in operation until then.
   * The connections of exhaust air ducts from the bathroom, toilets and kitchen must be planned in detail. Silencers must be provided in the exhaust air ducts. Space in the bathroom and kitchen may be very limited in small apartments. Detailed planning is therefore particularly important.   * The connections of exhaust air ducts from the bathroom, toilets and kitchen must be planned in detail. Silencers must be provided in the exhaust air ducts. Space in the bathroom and kitchen may be very limited in small apartments. Detailed planning is therefore particularly important.
   * The supply air ducts are best routed directly from the appliance to the hallway of the apartments. In the hallway, the air ducts can be concealed behind a suspended ceiling if necessary. Sufficient silencers must be provided in the supply air ducts. Openings from the corridor into all living rooms and bedrooms must be defined in the planning. Only supply air valves from the corridor must be placed in the living rooms. No further ventilation ducts are required in the living rooms.   * The supply air ducts are best routed directly from the appliance to the hallway of the apartments. In the hallway, the air ducts can be concealed behind a suspended ceiling if necessary. Sufficient silencers must be provided in the supply air ducts. Openings from the corridor into all living rooms and bedrooms must be defined in the planning. Only supply air valves from the corridor must be placed in the living rooms. No further ventilation ducts are required in the living rooms.
   * Alternatively, the supply air and exhaust air ducts can also be routed on the outside wall in the newly installed wall elements during serial refurbishment. This means that air ducts in the apartments can be largely avoided. The air ducts run along the outer wall and each living space is equipped with a supply air or exhaust air element.   * Alternatively, the supply air and exhaust air ducts can also be routed on the outside wall in the newly installed wall elements during serial refurbishment. This means that air ducts in the apartments can be largely avoided. The air ducts run along the outer wall and each living space is equipped with a supply air or exhaust air element.
-  * However, the arrangement of the ventilation units and the ducts in the façade elements must be planned with particular care. +  * However, the arrangement of the ventilation units and the ducts in the façade elements must be planned with particular care.
   * The length of the warm supply air and exhaust air ducts in the outside wall elements must be kept as short as possible to minimize heat loss. This is because covering the air ducts with around 20 cm of thermal insulation is good. However, the remaining heat losses are noticeable and may significantly reduce the heat recovery rate.   * The length of the warm supply air and exhaust air ducts in the outside wall elements must be kept as short as possible to minimize heat loss. This is because covering the air ducts with around 20 cm of thermal insulation is good. However, the remaining heat losses are noticeable and may significantly reduce the heat recovery rate.
   * Even if the ducts are routed outside, individual flats may not remain connected for the time being: the ducts are laid and sealed at both ends. The pipes are only connected to the central ventilation units and the rooms when new tenants move in.   * Even if the ducts are routed outside, individual flats may not remain connected for the time being: the ducts are laid and sealed at both ends. The pipes are only connected to the central ventilation units and the rooms when new tenants move in.
  
-=====  Examples and lessons learned =====+===== Examples and lessons learned =====
  
 The experiences from some real construction projects are briefly presented here so that those problems mentioned can be avoided as far as possible in the future: The experiences from some real construction projects are briefly presented here so that those problems mentioned can be avoided as far as possible in the future:
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 ===== Quality assurance (QA) during execution ===== ===== Quality assurance (QA) during execution =====
 +
 ==== Façade element - QA in the factory ==== ==== Façade element - QA in the factory ====
-If the planning has been optimized well, QA in the factory should be easy. Here it should be checked whether  + 
-  * the windows or other openings are connected airtight (foil bonding, preferably no compression tapes), and +If the planning has been optimized well, QA in the factory should be easy. Here it should be checked whether 
 + 
 +  * the windows or other openings are connected airtight (foil bonding, preferably no compression tapes), and
   * the compartments of the prefab elements are completely filled with insulation material   * the compartments of the prefab elements are completely filled with insulation material
  
 ==== Execution on site ==== ==== Execution on site ====
-Quality assurance on site is also required for prefabricated and quality-assured planned elements. + 
 +Quality assurance on site is also required for prefabricated and quality-assured planned elements. 
   * The connections of the façade element to the base and verge or eaves should be checked carefully. If airtightness is achieved using adhesive tapes, care must be taken here to ensure careful processing. Particular attention must be paid to the correct preparation of the substrates and these must be checked.   * The connections of the façade element to the base and verge or eaves should be checked carefully. If airtightness is achieved using adhesive tapes, care must be taken here to ensure careful processing. Particular attention must be paid to the correct preparation of the substrates and these must be checked.
   * If the airtight layer is the existing plaster, the airtight connection of the window frames to the existing reveal must be ensured. This also applies if the airtight layer runs inside the element. The main reasons for this are sound insulation and the prevention of odor transmission from one apartment to another adjacent.   * If the airtight layer is the existing plaster, the airtight connection of the window frames to the existing reveal must be ensured. This also applies if the airtight layer runs inside the element. The main reasons for this are sound insulation and the prevention of odor transmission from one apartment to another adjacent.
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   * In the case of trade interfaces, it is important to provide temporary covers or protective measures, for example against rain during the construction period.   * In the case of trade interfaces, it is important to provide temporary covers or protective measures, for example against rain during the construction period.
  
-=====  Experience with QA measures in specific projects =====+===== Experience with QA measures in specific projects ===== 
 + 
 +There must be given sufficient time for optimization between planning and execution. Subsequent changes to the planning during the production of the elements are particularly costly and time-consuming. When refurbishing several buildings or an entire quarter consisting of identical or similar buildings, it is desirable to carry out a single “pilot project” to test the functioning of the refurbishment concept before starting series production of elements for further refurbishment projects. It is desirable to check the geometrical measurements of the existing façade and the allocation of the later prefab elements several times. Even measurements created automatically (laser scan) can have logical errors and incorrect assignments that may not be recognized by the software. Practical experience has shown that façade elements were faulty and unusable (e.g. incorrect window position). 
 + 
 +---- 
 + 
 +{{:picopen:outphit_logo_description.png?400}}{{:picopen:eu_logo_description.png?400}} 
 + 
 +---- 
 +===== See also =====
  
-There must be given sufficient time for optimization between planning and execution. Subsequent changes to the planning during the production of the elements are particularly costly and time-consuming. +[[https://passipedia.org/eu_projects_publications#outphit_-_deep_retrofits_made_faster_cheaper_and_more_reliable|outPHit - Deep retrofits made faster, cheaper and more reliable]]
-When refurbishing several buildings or an entire quarter consisting of identical or similar buildings, it is desirable to carry out a single “pilot project” to test the functioning of the refurbishment concept before starting series production of elements for further refurbishment projects. +
-It is desirable to check the geometrical measurements of the existing façade and the allocation of the later prefab elements several times. Even measurements created automatically (laser scan) can have logical errors and incorrect assignments that may not be recognized by the software. Practical experience has shown that façade elements were faulty and unusable (e.g. incorrect window position).+
  
-===== See also ===== +[[planning:refurbishment_with_passive_house_components]]
construction/quality_assurance/measure_serial_renovation.1729778612.txt.gz · Last modified: by yaling.hsiao@passiv.de