certification:passive_house_categories:classic-plus-premium
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certification:passive_house_categories:classic-plus-premium [2015/03/17 16:12] – [The new classes – most things unchanged (?)!] bwuensch | certification:passive_house_categories:classic-plus-premium [2021/01/18 14:09] (current) – jgrovesmith | ||
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* The **Passive House Classic**, which is the traditional Passive House | * The **Passive House Classic**, which is the traditional Passive House | ||
- | * The **Passive House Plus**, in which additional energy is generated, such as from photovoltaics. | + | * The **Passive House Plus**, in which additional energy is generated, such as from photovoltaics. |
- | * In a **Passive House Premium**, far more energy is produced than needed. It is therefore a goal for the particularly ambitious: building owners and designers who want to go beyond what economic and ecological considerations already propose. The Passive House Institute is working to make the Passive House Standard more attractive for this avant-garde. | + | * In a **Passive House Premium**, |
This paper illustrates these classes based on specific reference projects and shows how you can take your project to the next level. | This paper illustrates these classes based on specific reference projects and shows how you can take your project to the next level. | ||
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==== Energy generation relative to the building’s ground area ==== | ==== Energy generation relative to the building’s ground area ==== | ||
- | Often, energy demand and generation are stated with reference to a building’s treated floor area. If a building has a photovoltaic array, it can produce a certain amount of energy, but the amount per square meter of floor area decreases as the number of stories (and hence floor area) increases. Single-story bungalows thus seem to perform better than row houses and duplexes/ | + | Often, energy demand and generation are stated with reference to a building’s treated floor area. If a building has a photovoltaic array, it can produce a certain amount of energy, but the amount per square meter of floor area decreases as the number of stories (and hence floor area) increases. Single-story bungalows thus seem to perform better than row houses and duplexes/ |
+ | |||
+ | Stating renewable energy production in terms of floor area can thus also lead to improper optimizations. In the new concept, energy generation is instead stated relative to the building’s ground area, defined as the vertical projection of the thermal envelope towards ground (for details, please see PHPP 9 manual). Whether a bungalow or a complex is built, the assessment is therefore the same in terms of energy generation. This approach is better because the space a building takes up is then no longer available for other types of usage. If this area is used to generate electricity, | ||
==== Using biomass budgets efficiently ==== | ==== Using biomass budgets efficiently ==== | ||
- | Both within Germany and worldwide, biomass is only available in limited amounts. There is a clear usage hierarchy for biomass: 1) food production, 2) materials, and 3) energy [Krick 2012]. Because biomass can be stored and has a high energy density, it will mainly be needed in mobile applications (transport). Only a small amount will be left over for consumption in buildings. The new PHPP 9 sets the amount of renewable primary energy left over at 20 kWh/ | + | Both within Germany and worldwide, biomass is only available in limited amounts. There is a clear usage hierarchy for biomass: 1) food production, 2) materials, and 3) energy [Krick 2012]. Because biomass can be stored and has a high energy density, it will mainly be needed in mobile applications (transport). Only a small amount will be left over for consumption in buildings. The new PHPP 9 sets the amount of renewable primary energy left over at 20 kWh/ |
+ | |||
+ | For instance, if a building has a condensation boiler (PER of renewable gas: 1.75), the first 20 kWh/ | ||
Note that it is more efficient to generate electricity with biomass first and then use a heat pump for heat supply second. If some of the biomass is combusted in a household stove, around 80 percent of the primary energy can be converted into useful heat. If biomass is consumed in a cogeneration unit, around 50 percent of the energy is used to produce electricity and 30 percent to produce useful heat, with only 20 percent losses. A heat pump allows three units of heat to be generated from a single unit of electricity. In this case, 50 percent electricity becomes 150 percent heat in addition to the 30 percent useful heat from the cogeneration unit. As a result, biomass produces 180 percent useful heat in combination with a heat pump instead of 80 percent useful heat from direct combustion. Nonetheless, | Note that it is more efficient to generate electricity with biomass first and then use a heat pump for heat supply second. If some of the biomass is combusted in a household stove, around 80 percent of the primary energy can be converted into useful heat. If biomass is consumed in a cogeneration unit, around 50 percent of the energy is used to produce electricity and 30 percent to produce useful heat, with only 20 percent losses. A heat pump allows three units of heat to be generated from a single unit of electricity. In this case, 50 percent electricity becomes 150 percent heat in addition to the 30 percent useful heat from the cogeneration unit. As a result, biomass produces 180 percent useful heat in combination with a heat pump instead of 80 percent useful heat from direct combustion. Nonetheless, | ||
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===== Single-family Passive House home in Gerstetten, architect: Werner Friedl ===== | ===== Single-family Passive House home in Gerstetten, architect: Werner Friedl ===== | ||
- | In the basic variant, a boiler fired with wood pellets is used to heat this single-family home, which also includes an office room. The roof has a 74 m² photovoltaic (PV) array on it (variant 1). At the outset, this building is already very energy-efficient, | + | In the basic variant, a boiler fired with wood pellets is used to heat this single-family home, which also includes an office room. The roof has a 74 m² photovoltaic (PV) array on it (variant 1). At the outset, this building is already very energy-efficient, |
- | If a small solar thermal array for hot water supply with six square meters of collector area is added, PER demand drops to 47 kWh/ | + | If a small solar thermal array for hot water supply with six square meters of collector area is added, PER demand drops to 47 kWh/ |
- | [{{: | + | [{{: |
==== Passive House Plus with a solar thermal array and heat recovery from shower water ==== | ==== Passive House Plus with a solar thermal array and heat recovery from shower water ==== | ||
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In the basic variant (variant 1), | In the basic variant (variant 1), | ||
- | [{{: | + | [{{: |
==== Central hot water supply systems not a good option when little hot tap water is used ==== | ==== Central hot water supply systems not a good option when little hot tap water is used ==== | ||
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===== Office complex for the Erdinger Moos wastewater association, | ===== Office complex for the Erdinger Moos wastewater association, | ||
- | A cogeneration unit next to the building produces electricity and heat from sewage | + | A cogeneration unit next to the building produces electricity and heat with gas from the water purification process |
- | [{{: | + | [{{: |
==== Passive House Premium with electrical and hot water efficiency ==== | ==== Passive House Premium with electrical and hot water efficiency ==== | ||
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[Feist 2014] Feist, Wolfgang: [[basics: | [Feist 2014] Feist, Wolfgang: [[basics: | ||
- | [Krick 2012] Krick, | + | [Krick 2012] Krick, |
[Ochs 2013] Ochs, Dermentzis, Feist: Energetic and Economic Optimization of the Renewable Energy Yield of Multi-Storey PHs. In Feist, Wolfgang (Hrsg.): Tagungsband zur 17. Internationalen Passivhaustagung 2013 in Frankfurt/ | [Ochs 2013] Ochs, Dermentzis, Feist: Energetic and Economic Optimization of the Renewable Energy Yield of Multi-Storey PHs. In Feist, Wolfgang (Hrsg.): Tagungsband zur 17. Internationalen Passivhaustagung 2013 in Frankfurt/ | ||
certification/passive_house_categories/classic-plus-premium.1426605167.txt.gz · Last modified: 2015/03/17 16:12 by bwuensch