basics:the_passive_house_-_historical_review
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basics:the_passive_house_-_historical_review [2015/04/09 10:23] – [Conclusion] wolfgangfeist@googlemail.com | basics:the_passive_house_-_historical_review [2022/08/27 19:13] (current) – [Literature] wfeist | ||
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===== Traditional Passive Houses ===== | ===== Traditional Passive Houses ===== | ||
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===== Traditional Passive Houses in Iceland ===== | ===== Traditional Passive Houses in Iceland ===== | ||
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===== The Research Ship " | ===== The Research Ship " | ||
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- | "... // The sides of the ship were lined with tarred felt, then came a space with cork padding, next a deal panelling, then a thick layer of felt, next air-tight linoleum, and last of all an inner panelling. The ceiling of the saloon and cabins . . . gave a total thickness of about 15 inches. | + | "... // The sides of the ship were lined with tarred felt, then came a space with cork padding, next a deal panelling, then a thick layer of felt, next air-tight linoleum, and last of all an inner panelling. The ceiling of the saloon and cabins . . . gave a total thickness of about 15 inches. |
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- | ===== Systematic Research: | + | |
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- | ===== Working systematically in Germany: Hörster, Steinmüller and the Philips Experimental House ===== | + | ===== Working systematically in Germany: |
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- | Experiences from this project | + | Experiences from this project were incorporated into Passive House research from the very beginning. \\ |
Read more: [[Basics: | Read more: [[Basics: | ||
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These experiences gave the Passive House research the assurance and confidence that physics works in practice too. A. B. Lovins visited the Passive House in Darmstadt Kranichstein in 1995. It was he who suggested that the Passive House should be considered not just as a research project, but also as the energy standard of the future. See [[Basics: | These experiences gave the Passive House research the assurance and confidence that physics works in practice too. A. B. Lovins visited the Passive House in Darmstadt Kranichstein in 1995. It was he who suggested that the Passive House should be considered not just as a research project, but also as the energy standard of the future. See [[Basics: | ||
- | In 2011, at the International Passive House conference, this building was awarded the " | + | In 2011, at the International Passive House conference, this building was awarded the [[: |
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* The lack of awareness regarding the importance of permanent [[Planning: | * The lack of awareness regarding the importance of permanent [[Planning: | ||
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* The lack of good solutions for [[Planning: | * The lack of good solutions for [[Planning: | ||
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* The lack of reliability of the energy efficiency of the technology used. In many projects the effect was that of " | * The lack of reliability of the energy efficiency of the technology used. In many projects the effect was that of " | ||
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It's also important to mention the developments and experiences of the pioneers in Switzerland (e.g. Conrad U. Brunner, Ruedi Kriesi and Josef Jenni) and in Austria (Helmut Krapmeier, Richard Caldonazzi, Sture Larsen, [[http:// | It's also important to mention the developments and experiences of the pioneers in Switzerland (e.g. Conrad U. Brunner, Ruedi Kriesi and Josef Jenni) and in Austria (Helmut Krapmeier, Richard Caldonazzi, Sture Larsen, [[http:// | ||
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During the project construction, | During the project construction, | ||
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===== The Passive House in Darmstadt Kranichstein ===== | ===== The Passive House in Darmstadt Kranichstein ===== | ||
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- | In 1990/91, based on plans by Prof. Bott/ | + | In 1990/91, based on plans by Prof. Bott/ |
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The most essential point is: To be aware of the performance character of really comfortable and energy efficient buildings. To be able to design such a building, it's important to calculate the performance in advance - prior to construction. The performance includes thermal comfort (during Winter and during Summer), indoor air quality and energy consumption. In our century the tools for a reliable calculation of these performance characteristics are available - this is the key for a good design. And it is the key to passive house construction - because the [[http:// | The most essential point is: To be aware of the performance character of really comfortable and energy efficient buildings. To be able to design such a building, it's important to calculate the performance in advance - prior to construction. The performance includes thermal comfort (during Winter and during Summer), indoor air quality and energy consumption. In our century the tools for a reliable calculation of these performance characteristics are available - this is the key for a good design. And it is the key to passive house construction - because the [[http:// | ||
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- | The second reason is the availability of suitable products and reliable data about the performance of these products. Before the passive house development there have been no windows with U-values lower than 0,85 W/(m²K) available on the market - now there are some 100 producers with certified windows of such a quality. Before the passive house development there have been no air-to-air heat recovery systems with reliable heat recovery rates higher than 80% available. Now there are more than 80 products on the market, produced by enterprises in different countries. The information about these products has been published - the performance of such products is at least some factor two better than the performance of former standard systems. That, together with reliable data available from certification of the components, creates the background for a successful design of really energy efficient buildings. | + | The second reason is the availability of suitable products and reliable data about the performance of these products. Before the passive house development there have been no windows with U-values lower than 0,85 W/(m²K) available on the market - now there is a increasing number of producers with Hundreds of certified windows of such a quality. Before the passive house development there have been no air-to-air heat recovery systems with reliable heat recovery rates higher than 80% available. Now there are also Hundreds of certified |
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It's always interesting looking back. However, the boundary conditions in the past have been completely different - there have been not at all this many people on Earth and the influence of man's action was not nearly as high on nature as it is now. So, looking back might be interesting to get some ideas - but it can never be the all guiding principle ("You can't drive looking only into the back mirror" | It's always interesting looking back. However, the boundary conditions in the past have been completely different - there have been not at all this many people on Earth and the influence of man's action was not nearly as high on nature as it is now. So, looking back might be interesting to get some ideas - but it can never be the all guiding principle ("You can't drive looking only into the back mirror" | ||
- | The constructive perspective is looking forward: With the scientific knowledge we have now, we could (!) use a wise and sustainable | + | The constructive perspective is looking forward: With the scientific knowledge we have now, we could (!) use technology |
- | And, this might sound surprising, this is possible. We can reduce energy consumption by more than a factor of 5 (per person | + | Although it might sound surprising, this is possible. We can reduce energy consumption by more than a factor of 5 (compared to average |
- | If we search back in history, yes, we find some application of this concept - with much less advanced technology which has been available in the earlier times. So, there are traditional passive houses (see the upper part of this article). These have been solutions out of desperate hardship - thus, some of these solutions have been coined with the hardship that created them, so it might even be a danger to remember in these societies. We definitely have such controversies: | + | If we search back in history, we find some application of this concept - with much less advanced technology which has been available in these earlier times. So, there are traditional passive houses (see the upper part of this article). These have been solutions out of desperate hardship - thus, some of these solutions have been coined with the hardship that created them, so it might even be a danger to refer to these. |
So, it's a good idea to look forward and to do research and development for even better solutions. That's what the passive house community is all about. | So, it's a good idea to look forward and to do research and development for even better solutions. That's what the passive house community is all about. | ||
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**[Shurcliff 1980]** Super Insulated Houses and Double Envelope Houses, Brick House, Andover, 1st edition 1981 | **[Shurcliff 1980]** Super Insulated Houses and Double Envelope Houses, Brick House, Andover, 1st edition 1981 | ||
- | **[Weizsäcker, | + | **[Weizsäcker, |
basics/the_passive_house_-_historical_review.1428567834.txt.gz · Last modified: 2015/04/09 10:23 by wolfgangfeist@googlemail.com