basics:primary_energy_renewable
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- | Once a project is designed as a Passive House, | + | [{{ : |
- | ===== 1 How is the energy demand | + | Primary energy |
- | [{{ : | + | For residential buildings with small dwelling units (high density) such an exemption becomes more likely. The energy demand |
- | The energy | + | As density increases, it may not be possible to achieve a demand |
- | The use of standard values | + | For example, for ventilation: |
+ | * The required air change | ||
- | ===== 2 Standard | + | With those two values, a limit for the final energy |
- | In order to have a reference of the potential for reducing | + | * This value in turn can be multiplied by the [[basics: |
- | * **Typical product:** refers to the average product in the market, based on international and national reports [IEA 4E, NRCAN] and, where no market reports were available, based on reference values from online databases of efficient devices [TOPTEN EU]. In the case of European appliances, the efficiency of the average product in previous years is already above the limit that is currently allowed. For those appliances, the maximum energy use allowed by the Ecodesign requirements was used instead. | + | Figure 2 illustrates an example of this calculation for ventilation: |
- | * **Good product:** refers to the best product available in early 2019 in the given market, | + | [{{ :picopen: |
- | * **Best available: | + | In case of Domestic Hot Water, the process would be similar, with the energy demand being determined by the fixed value for Passive Houses (25l/person*day at 60°C) and the number of occupants. Final energy |
- | The calculation in PHPP references to a given size for each appliance. If the appliances were of a difference size, then the energy use declared in the label must be scaled. For example, the energy demand | + | [{{ : |
- | In addition, the standards or codes to determine the declared | + | This process is carried out for every energy |
- | Table 1 includes the summary of the collected | + | * The targets for cooling |
- | [{{ : | + | |
- | As Table 1 shows, there is not a clear tendency on whether appliances are more efficient in one region or the other. But, when looking at their contribution to the energy | + | * Other targets such as electricity |
- | [{{ :picopen:efficiency_of_household_appliances_4.png? | + | Read more about the targets set per energy use and the verification of the calculation for the revised target [[basics:passive_house_-_assuring_a_sustainable_energy_supply:project-specific_primary_energy_requirements_for_passive_house_certification|here]]. |
- | These scenarios also suggest that the energy | + | [{{ : |
- | ===== 3 The impact of different utilization patterns ===== | + | Once the targets |
- | + | ||
- | Looking at the utilization patterns and potential | + | |
- | + | ||
- | In conclusion, results suggest that there is a tendency in both the North American and European markets of improved energy efficiency in the household appliances. To take advantage of these improvements, | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===== References ===== | + | |
- | + | ||
- | |Ottinger 2017|O. Ottinger; F. Gressier; M. Hohm; S, Peper: **Electric Energy Efficiency for Households: The next step towards the NZEB**, Tagungsband 21. Internationale Passivhaus-Tagung, | + | |
- | |Ebel 1997|Ebel, Witta: Methods of calculating electricity consumption in Passive Houses, Protokollband Nr. 7, Saving Electricity in Passive Houses, Passivhaus Institut Darmstadt, 1997.| | + | |
- | |Ecodesign|European Commission. List of energy efficient products Regulations: | + | |
- | |IEA 4E|International Energy Agency. Mapping and Benchmarking Reports. Energy Efficient End-use Equipment. Retrieved from: [[https:// | + | |
- | |NRCAN|Natural Resources Canada. Energy Consumption of Major Household Appliances Shipped in Canada, Trends for 1990-2016. National Energy Use Database. Retrieved from: [[http:// | + | |
- | |TOPTEN EU|Topten International Group 2018. Topten-EU, Best Products of Europe. Retrieved from: [[http:// | + | |
- | |ENERGYSTAR|EPA. ENERGYSTAR Key Product Criteria. Retrieved from: [[https:// | + | |
- | |Peel 2019|Peel Passive House Consulting, A Comparison of Canadian and European Energy Standards for Household Appliances. May 2019. Retrieved from: [[http:// | + | |
+ | This methodology to calculate an exemption to the criteria for the PE/PER demand has been implemented in a tool that can be linked to a PHPP (version 9.6 or newer) and can be used for residential projects. Projects seeking certification can use the original limits as set out in the Passive House criteria or the revised limit as calculated with the tool. The tool was released on September of 2019 for its implementation on a pilot phase. Projects seeking an exemption to the criteria for PE/PER demand must be reviewed by an [[https:// | ||
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This article was developed in the framework of the “Project-specific PER” project. This project was administered by the Zero Emissions Building Exchange with funding from the City of Vancouver, Natural Resources Canada and the BC Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources. | This article was developed in the framework of the “Project-specific PER” project. This project was administered by the Zero Emissions Building Exchange with funding from the City of Vancouver, Natural Resources Canada and the BC Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources. | ||
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basics/primary_energy_renewable.txt · Last modified: 2020/05/24 21:24 by alang