Passipedia EN

User Tools

Site Tools

You are here: Passipedia - The Passive House Resource » Basics » Energy and ecology » Greenhouse effect and climate protection
basics:energy_and_ecology:greenhouse_effect_and_climate_protection

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revisionPrevious revision
Next revision		Previous revision
Last revisionBoth sides next revision
basics:energy_and_ecology:greenhouse_effect_and_climate_protection [2020/08/09 15:07] – [What are the reasons for the increased CO2 levels? Energy Consumption] wfeistbasics:energy_and_ecology:greenhouse_effect_and_climate_protection [2020/08/09 15:21] – [How does that help us in practice?] wfeist
Line 63: Line 63:
 ==== Illustration 1: Inefficient economy ==== ==== Illustration 1: Inefficient economy ====
  
-{{:picopen:bundesrepublik_ddr_energie.png?150 }} The primary energy consumption  per person in the former GDR (East Germany; //image: DDR//) with an annual per capita  energy consumption of **7.8 tons of coal equivalent (TCE)** was about 40 % greater than that of the former West Germany (//image: Bundesrepublik//) (**5.48 TCE**).\\ \\+{{:picopen:bundesrepublik_ddr_energie.png?216 }} The primary energy consumption  per person in the former GDR (East Germany; //image: DDR//) with an annual per capita  energy consumption of **7.8 tons of coal equivalent (TCE)** was about 40 % greater than that of the former West Germany (//image: Bundesrepublik//) (**5.48 TCE**).\\ \\
 The comparison of economic power and prospertity in both these countries is well-known: the buildings, vehicles and machines in the former East Germany were much less efficient than those in West Germany. It isn't the quantity of the consumption but rather it is the quality of the usage which matters.\\ \\ The comparison of economic power and prospertity in both these countries is well-known: the buildings, vehicles and machines in the former East Germany were much less efficient than those in West Germany. It isn't the quantity of the consumption but rather it is the quality of the usage which matters.\\ \\
-Embarassing:  in some energy management text books this example has been misrepresented due to ignorance of the names of the countries: "//The higher energy consumption //results from the visibly greater prosperity of the GDR// (this author mistook the "democratic republic" for West Germany).//"\\+Embarassing:  in some energy management text books this example has been misrepresented due to ignorance of the names of the countries: "//The higher energy consumption //results from the visibly greater prosperity of the GDR//" (this author mistook the "democratic republic" for West Germany).//\\
 \\ \\
  
 ==== Illustration 2: Locomotives ==== ==== Illustration 2: Locomotives ====
  
-{{:picopen:dampf-lok_e-lok.png?150 }} Railway companies didn't switch from steam engines to electric locomotives without reason. Even the electrification of all the track system, which was an expensive  investment, was worth it:\\ \\ The best steam engines had an efficiency of around 10%. The primary energy efficiency of the electrical traction is around 30% and can still be increased quite considerably.\\ \\ The power stations in operation today were built in times when energy sources were much cheaper and modern technologies like combined cycle plants hadn't yet been developed. An energetic recovery system for braking energy is rarely practiced today - and the weight of vehicles can be reduced even further.\\+{{:picopen:dampf-lok_e-lok.png?216 }} Railway companies didn't switch from steam engines ("Dampflok") to electric locomotives without reason. Even the electrification of all the track system, which was an expensive  investment, was worth it:\\ \\ The best steam engines had an efficiency of around 10%. The primary energy efficiency of the electrical traction is around 30% and can still be increased quite considerably.\\ \\ The power stations in operation today were built in times when energy sources were much cheaper and modern technologies like combined cycle plants hadn't yet been developed. An energetic recovery system for braking energy is rarely practiced today - and the weight of vehicles can be reduced even further.\\
 \\ \\
 The future energy system will have to be based on renewable sources mainly. Look at Germany as an example: The amount of electricity produced by renewable sources like wind power and photovoltaics has been growing significantly during the last decades. This also includes much improved efficieny. The "primary energy renewable" or PER, a measure introduced by the Passive Hosue Institute in 2014, counts the renewable primary source energy for a given final energy carrier. If used for electric traction (like a railway train), this [[certification:passive_house_categories:per|PER-Factor]] is in the range of PER<sub>el,traff</sub> = 1.3; much better than the former fossil fuel factor for a coal fired power plant, which was in the range of 2.7.  The future energy system will have to be based on renewable sources mainly. Look at Germany as an example: The amount of electricity produced by renewable sources like wind power and photovoltaics has been growing significantly during the last decades. This also includes much improved efficieny. The "primary energy renewable" or PER, a measure introduced by the Passive Hosue Institute in 2014, counts the renewable primary source energy for a given final energy carrier. If used for electric traction (like a railway train), this [[certification:passive_house_categories:per|PER-Factor]] is in the range of PER<sub>el,traff</sub> = 1.3; much better than the former fossil fuel factor for a coal fired power plant, which was in the range of 2.7. 
Line 89: Line 89:
 > ** A high per capita energy consumption is a sign of inefficiency and backwardness, not prosperity.**\\ > ** A high per capita energy consumption is a sign of inefficiency and backwardness, not prosperity.**\\
 \\ \\
-This also applies to road transport.  The efficiency of vehicles can also be increased considerably without sacrificing comfort and speed.  If we, as citicens in countries with the highest per capita consumption in the world, want to maintain and improve our prosperity and our economic strength in the future, we must above all do one thing:\\+This also applies to road transport.  The efficiency of vehicles can be increased considerably without sacrificing comfort and speed.  If we, as citicens in countries with the highest per capita consumption in the world, want to maintain and improve our prosperity and our economic strength in the future, we must above all do one thing:\\
 \\ \\
  
Line 142: Line 142:
 |Transport|   25%   |   Average car \\ (6 l/100 km)   |   Low Resistance Motorcar\\ (Best practise: \\ 1 l-car)   |   Factor 4\\ (1.5 l/100 km)   |\\ |Transport|   25%   |   Average car \\ (6 l/100 km)   |   Low Resistance Motorcar\\ (Best practise: \\ 1 l-car)   |   Factor 4\\ (1.5 l/100 km)   |\\
 \\ \\
-There are many more examples - **the efficiency of electronical and electrical devices and also production processes can be significantly improved too **. Of course, each process must be separately analysed - and the analysis must encompass the system limits sufficiently.+There are many more examples - **the efficiency of electronical and electrical devices and also production processes can be significantly improved too**. Of course, each process must be separately analysed - and the analysis must encompass the system limits sufficiently.
  
-Please note that these examples only represent the current state of technology.  It is very likely that ** efficiency will be imporved even further in future **.  The potential of improved efficiency is (almost) limitless.\\+Please note that these examples only represent the current state of technology. It is very likely that ** efficiency will be improved even further in future**. The potential of improved efficiency is (almost) limitless.\\
 \\ \\
  
basics/energy_and_ecology/greenhouse_effect_and_climate_protection.txt · Last modified: 2020/08/09 15:32 by wfeist